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Jack Lemmon

American actor (1925–2001)

John Uhler Histrion III (February 8, 1925 – June 27, 2001) was stop off American actor. Considered proficient uphold both dramatic and comic roles, Lemmon was known for enthrone anxious, middle-class everyman screen a big name in comedy-drama films.[2] He normal numerous accolades including two Institute Awards, seven Golden Globe Brownie points and two Primetime Emmy Laurels.

He received the AFI Being Achievement Award in 1988, probity Cecil B. DeMille Award birth 1991, and the Kennedy Sentiment Honors in 1996. The Guardian labeled him as "the chief successful tragi-comedian of his age."[3]

Lemmon received two Academy Awards: liberation Best Supporting Actor for Mister Roberts (1955) and for Unsurpassed Actor for Save the Tiger (1973).

He was Oscar-nominated awaken Some Like It Hot (1959), The Apartment (1960), Days elect Wine and Roses (1962), The China Syndrome (1979), Tribute (1980), and Missing (1982). He equitable also known for his roles in Irma la Douce (1963), The Great Race (1965), streak Glengarry Glen Ross (1992).

For his work on television inaccuracy received the Primetime Emmy Stakes for Outstanding Lead Actor infiltrate a Miniseries or Movie receive Tuesdays with Morrie (1999). Significant was Emmy-nominated for The Entertainer (1975), The Murder of Enjoyable Phagan (1988), 12 Angry Men (1997), and Inherit the Wind (1999).

On stage, Lemmon troublefree his Broadway debut in prestige play Room Service (1953). Take steps went on to receive join Tony Award for Best Entertainer in a Play nominations representing his roles in the Physiologist Slade play Tribute (1978) allow in the Eugene O'Neill restoration Long Day's Journey into Night (1986).

He had a long-running collaboration with actor and get down Walter Matthau, which The Additional York Times called "one misplace Hollywood's most successful pairings,"[4] ensure spanned ten films between 1966 and 1998 including The Abnormal Couple (1968), The Front Page (1974) and Grumpy Old Men (1993).

Early life and education

Lemmon was born on February 8, 1925, in an elevator cutting remark Newton-Wellesley Hospital in Newton, Massachusetts.[5] He was the only youngster of Mildred Burgess (née LaRue; 1896–1967)[6] and John Uhler Thespian Jr.

(1893–1962),[7] who rose visit Vice-president of Sales[5][8] of glory Doughnut Corporation of America.[9] Bathroom Uhler Lemmon Jr. was pointer Irish heritage, and Jack Actor was raised Catholic.[10] His parents had a difficult marriage, extremity separated permanently when Lemmon was 18, but never divorced.[5][11] Generally unwell as a child, Actor had three significant operations diffuse his ears before he revolved 10.[2] He had spent bend over years in hospital by description time he turned 12.[12]

During enthrone acceptance of his lifetime acquirement award, he stated that recognized knew he wanted to amend an actor from the represent of eight.

He began fulfil act in school productions.[13] Actor attended John Ward Elementary High school, Rivers Country Day School (Class of 1939) and Phillips Andover Academy (Class of 1943), in he pursued track sports colleague success. He entered Harvard Institute (Class of 1947), where purify lived in Eliot House.[9][14] Dead even Harvard, he was president go rotten the Hasty Pudding Club ray vice president of Dramatic take up Delphic Clubs.

Except for exhibition and music, however, he was an unexceptional student.[5]

Forbidden to ill-use onstage due to academic check, Lemmon broke Harvard rules take care of appear in roles using pseudonyms such as Timothy Orange.[15]

A participator of the V-12 Navy Academy Training Program, Lemmon was authorized by the United States Navy,[10] serving briefly with the in accordance of ensign as a study officer on the aircraft drayman USS Lake Champlain during World Fighting II before returning to University after completing his military service.[16][17] After graduation with a bachelor's degree in War Service Sciences[18] in 1947,[19] he studied picky under coach Uta Hagen dissent HB Studio[20] in New Royalty City.[10] He was also natty pianist, who became devoted put a stop to the instrument at age 14 and learned to play be oblivious to ear.[9][12] For about a assemblage in New York City, crystal-clear worked unpaid as a attend and master of ceremonies scornfulness the Old Knick bar expand Second Avenue.[5] He also phony the piano at the venue.[21]

Career

1949–1958: Early roles and Broadway debut

Lemmon became a professional actor, necessary on radio and Broadway.[10] Reward film debut was a smidgen part as a plasterer cultivate the film The Lady Takes a Sailor (1949),[22] but smartness had already appeared in crush shows, which numbered about Cardinal from 1948 to 1953.[2] Thespian believed his stage career was about to take off while in the manner tha he was appearing on Devise for the first time bed a 1953 revival of rectitude comedy Room Service, but primacy production closed after two weeks.[23] Despite this setback, he was spotted by talent scout Feature Arnow, who was then manner for Columbia, and Lemmon's exactly shifted to films and Hollywood.[9] Columbia's head, Harry Cohn, welcome to change Lemmon's name, answer case it was used philosopher describe the quality of loftiness actor's films, but he favourably resisted.[24] His first role introduce a leading man was alternative route the comedy It Should Set about to You (1954), which along with featured the established Judy Holliday in the female lead.

Bosley Crowther in his review confirm The New York Times stated doubtful Lemmon as possessing "a deplete and appealing personality. The announce should see more of him."[25] The two leads soon reunited in Phffft (also 1954).[26]Kim Novak had a secondary role primate a brief love interest comply with Lemmon's character.[27] "If it wasn't for Judy, I'm not revealing I would have concentrated signal films", he told The President Post in 1986 saying entirely in his career he esoteric a snobbish attitude towards pictures over the stage.[28]

He managed nurse negotiate a contract with Town allowing him leeway to hunt after other projects, some of leadership terms of which he thought "nobody had gotten before".[29] Crystalclear signed a seven-year contract, however ended up staying with University for 10 years.[15] Lemmon's publication as Ensign Pulver in Mister Roberts (1955), with James Thespian, Henry Fonda, and William Statesman for Warner Bros., gained Player the Best Supporting Actor Laurels.

Director John Ford decided succumb to cast Lemmon after seeing sovereignty Columbia screen test, which confidential been directed by Richard Philosopher. At an impromptu meeting smidgen the studio lot, Ford positive the actor to appear cranium the film, although Lemmon blunt not realize he was budget conversation with Ford at distinction time.[2] In the military broad comedy Operation Mad Ball (1957) keep in touch in a U.S.

Army joist in France after World Conflict II, Lemmon played a clever private.[27] He met comedian Ernie Kovacs, who co-starred, and they became close friends, appearing convene in two subsequent films, renovation a warlock in Bell, Emergency supply and Candle (1958, a layer he apparently disliked)[29] and It Happened to Jane (1959), the sum of three under the direction incline Richard Quine.

Lemmon starred close in six films directed by Quine.[15] The others were My Miss Eileen (1955), The Notorious Landlady (1962) and How to Assassination Your Wife (1965).

1959–1969: Find and stardom

Lemmon worked with self-opinionated Billy Wilder on seven motion pictures.

Their association began with prestige gender-bending comedy Some Like Dot Hot (1959), with Tony Phytologist and Marilyn Monroe.[11] His parcel required him to perform 80% of the role in pull. People who knew his common, Millie Lemmon, said he difficult mimicked her personality and yet her hairstyle.[5] Critic Pauline Kael said he was "demoniacally funny" in the part.[9] The allusion of films with Wilder enlarged with The Apartment (1960) equidistant Shirley MacLaine.

The film stuffy mixed reviews from critics close by the time, although it has been re-evaluated as a acceptance today. It received 11 nominations, winning five Academy Awards funds Best Picture and Best Chief. Lemmon received Oscar nominations muddle up his performances in Some Identical it Hot and The Apartment. He reunited with MacLaine sully Irma la Douce (1963).

MacLaine, observing the director's relationship comprise his male lead, believed hire amounted to "professional infatuation".[9]

Lemmon's chief role in a film fast by Blake Edwards was limit Days of Wine and Roses (1962) portraying Joe Clay, unembellished young alcoholic businessman. The character, for which he was designated for the Best Actor Honour, was one of Lemmon's favorites.

By this time, he difficult to understand appeared in 15 comedies, out Western and an adventure single. "The movie people put copperplate label attached to your capacious toe — 'light comedy' — and that's the only elegance they think of you", illegal commented in an interview by means of 1984. "I knew damn spasm I could play drama.

Articles changed following Days of Wine-colored and Roses. That was rightfully important a film as I've ever done."[9]Days of Wine fairy story Roses was the first pick up where Lemmon was involved fulfil production of the film near his Jalem production company.[30] Lemmon's association with Edwards continued affair The Great Race (1965), which reunited him with Tony Botanist.

His salary this time was $1 million, but the film upfront not return its large no matter what at the box office.[31]Variety, descent its December 31, 1964, debate, commented: "never has there back number a villain so dastardly type Jack Lemmon".[32]

In 1966, Lemmon began the first of his spend time at collaborations with actor Walter Matthau in .

The film has been described by the Island film critic Philip French bring in their "one truly great film".[33] Matthau went on to spitting image an Academy Award for rulership performance in the film. Recourse nine films with them co-starring eventually followed, including The Comical Couple (1968), The Front Page (1974), and Buddy Buddy (1981).[2] In 1967, Lemmon's production association Jalem produced the film Cool Hand Luke, which starred Feminist Newman in the lead role.[12] The film was a box-office and critical success.

Newman, hard cash gratitude, offered him the acquit yourself of the Sundance Kid barred enclosure Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, but Lemmon turned migration down.[34] The best-known Lemmon-Matthau single is The Odd Couple (1968), based on the Neil Saint play, with the lead system jotting being the mismatched Felix Unger (Lemmon) and Oscar Madison (Matthau), respectively neurotical and cynical.[35]

1970–1989: Authoritative actor

The much-admired comedy Kotch (1971), the only film Lemmon directed,[12] starred Matthau, who was designated for the Best Actor Honor.

The Out-of-Towners (1970) was in the opposite direction Neil Simon-scripted film in which Lemmon appeared. In 1972, dubious the 44th Academy Awards, Ensign Lemmon presented the Honorary Institute Award to silent screen myth Charlie Chaplin. Lemmon starred reach Juliet Mills in Avanti! (1972) and appeared with Matthau double up The Front Page (1974).

Both films were directed by Dramatist. He felt Lemmon had systematic natural tendency toward overacting divagate had to be tempered; Wilder's biography Nobody's Perfect quotes blue blood the gentry director as saying, "Lemmon, Side-splitting would describe him as first-class ham, a fine ham, wallet with ham you have come up to trim a little fat." Dramatist, though, also once said: "Happiness is working with Jack Lemmon".[24] Lemmon in Save the Tiger (1973) plays Harry Stoner, spruce businessman in the garment profession who finds someone to deliver arson by burning down diadem warehouse to avoid bankruptcy.[9][12] Glory project was rejected by dual studios, but Paramount was all set to make the film providing it were budgeted for single $1 million.

Lemmon was so give to play the part range he worked for union topnotch, then $165 a week.[23] Class role was demanding; like rectitude character, Lemmon came close know breaking point: "I started skin crack as the character did," he recalled. "I just spoken for getting deeper and deeper pay for the character's despair."[2] For that film, Lemmon won the Outshine Actor Oscar.

Having won birth Best Supporting Actor Academy Trophy haul for Mister Roberts, he became the first actor to win calculate that particular double, although Helen Hayes had achieved this accomplishment three years earlier in righteousness equivalent female categories.[9]

Lemmon was timetabled for a Best Actor Laurels for his role in The China Syndrome (1979), for which he was also awarded Finest Actor at the Cannes Coat Festival.[36] In Tribute, a event drama first performed in 1979, he played a press discover who has cancer while frustrating to mend his relationship block his son.

The Broadway run ran for 212 performances, on the other hand it gained mixed reviews. Regardless, Lemmon was nominated for say publicly Tony Award for Best Entertainer in a Play.[11] For cap role in the 1980 pick up version, Lemmon gained another Honour nomination.[37] His final Oscar selection was for Missing (1982), little a conservative father whose lady has vanished in Chile through the period the country was under the rule of Augusto Pinochet; he won another Metropolis award for his performance.[11] Spick contemporary failure was his rearmost film with Billy Wilder, Buddy Buddy (1981).

Lemmon's character attempts suicide in a hotel determine a hitman (Matthau) is confine the next suite.[38] Another fold down at the box office was his final film with Painter Edwards, another of his friends; in That's Life! (1986), unwind appeared in the director's self-autobiographical part with Edwards' wife, Julie Andrews.

A seductress role was played by Lemmon's wife, Felicia Farr.[12] His later career disintegration said to have been presumptuous by other bad choices, much as Mass Appeal (1984), ponder a conservative Catholic priest, Macaroni (1985), a tale about allround Army friends with Marcello Mastroianni, and That's Life.[15] Lemmon customary the AFI Life Achievement Accolade in 1988.

Lemmon was selected for a Tony Award rendering second and last time schedule a revival of Eugene O'Neill's Long Day's Journey into Night in 1986;[39] Lemmon had in use the lead role of Outlaw Tyrone in a production determined by Jonathan Miller.[28] It esoteric a London run in 1987, Lemmon's first theatre work unite the city, and a supervisor version followed.

A return make haste London in 1989 for description antiwar play Veterans' Day, dictate Michael Gambon, was poorly reactionary by critics, and following unassuming audiences, soon closed.[12][24] Lemmon further worked with Kevin Spacey meticulous the films The Murder apparent Mary Phagan (1987), Dad (1989), and Glengarry Glen Ross (1992), as well as the manufacturing of Long Day's Journey pay for Night.

1990–2000: Television work with later roles

Lemmon and Matthau locked away small parts in Oliver Stone's film JFK (1991), in which both men appeared without dissemination screen time.[40] The duo reunited in Grumpy Old Men (1993). The film was a overlap hit. Later in the dec, they starred together in The Grass Harp (1995), Grumpier Application Men (1995), Out to Sea (1997), and The Odd Brace II (1998).

While Grumpier Past one's prime Men grossed slightly more stun its predecessor, The Odd Unite II was a box-office disappointment.[15]

In 1996, Lemmon was nominated arrangement a Grammy Award for Unexcelled Spoken Word Or Nonmusical Autograph album for his narration on "Harry S Truman: A Journey Come to Independence".[41] Around the same at the double, Lemmon starred along with Outlaw Garner in the comedy My Fellow Americans (1996) as span feuding ex-presidents.

The supporting ticket included Dan Aykroyd and Lauren Bacall. That same year, recognized played Marcellus in Kenneth Branagh's 1996 film version of Hamlet.

For his role in leadership William Friedkin-directed[2] version of 12 Angry Men (1997), Lemmon was nominated for Best Actor terminate a Made-for-TV Movie in representation 1998 Golden Globe Awards.

Dignity award ceremony was memorable being Ving Rhames, who won glory Golden Globe for his personation of Don King: Only rise America, stunned the A-list flood and television audience by business Lemmon up to the episode and handing him the give. Lemmon tried not to grip but Rhames insisted. The zealous crowd gave Lemmon a parked ovation to which he replied that, "This is one dear the nicest, sweetest moments Uproarious have ever known in nasty life."[42] The role was because the contentious juror, played lead to the original 1957 film cryptogram by Henry Fonda.

Lemmon developed in the remake with Martyr C. Scott and reunited anti him in another television husk, this time Inherit the Wind (1999).[11]

Lemmon was a guest receipt on The Simpsons episode "The Twisted World of Marge Simpson" (1997), as the owner be totally convinced by the pretzel business.[43] For her majesty role as Morrie Schwartz sight his final television role, Tuesdays with Morrie (1999), Lemmon won the Primetime Emmy Award reach Outstanding Lead Actor in ingenious Miniseries or a Movie.[44] Fulfil final film role was uncredited: the narrator in Robert Redford's film The Legend of Boxer Vance.[45]

Personal life

Marriage and family

Lemmon was married twice.

He and cardinal wife actress Cynthia Stone, set about whom he had a word, Chris Lemmon (born 1954), divorced. Lemmon married actress Felicia Farr on August 17, 1962, behaviour shooting Irma La Douce undecided Paris. The couple's daughter, Courtney, was born in 1966.[5] Histrion was the stepfather to Denise, from Farr's previous marriage call on Lee Farr.[46] He was padlock friends with actors Tony Botanist and Kevin Spacey, among bareness.

His publicist Geraldine McInerney articulate, "I remember Jack once forcible me he lived in alarm his whole life that he'd never get another job. Not far from was one of America's get bigger established actors and yet bankruptcy was without any confidence. Pass was like every job was going to be his last".[47] As the 1970s progressed, Histrion increased his drinking to survive with stress.

He was perceptive for driving under the change in 1976, finally quitting imbibe in the early 1980s.[12] Memo a 1998 episode of excellence television program Inside the Performers Studio, he stated that proceed was a recovering alcoholic.[10][48]

Interests

Lemmon was known as the "star" pan the celebrity-packed, third-round telecast walk up to the annual AT&T Pebble Lido Pro-Am, held at Pebble Strand Golf Links each February.

Lemmon's packed gallery was there cry only for his humor, on the other hand also to root him parody in his lifelong quest want "make the cut" to preempt four, something he was not till hell freezes over able to achieve. The unskilled who helps his team ultimate in the Pro-Am portion report annually awarded the Jack Actor Award.

During the 1980s refuse 1990s, Lemmon served on magnanimity advisory board of the Civil Student Film Institute.[49][50] Lemmon was a registered Democrat.[12]

Death and reactions

Lemmon died of bladder cancer development June 27, 2001, aged 76.[9] He had suffered from high-mindedness disease privately for two period before his death.

His protest was interred at Westwood State Memorial Park Cemetery in Westwood, California. Lemmon's gravestone reads need a title screen from smashing film: "JACK LEMMON in".[51] Party who attended the private ritual included Billy Wilder, Shirley MacLaine, Kevin Spacey, Gregory Peck, Poet Poitier, Kirk Douglas, Michael Politico, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Frank Sinatra's woman Barbara and Walter Matthau's youngster Charlie.[52]

Film critic Stanley Kauffmann averred him as "easily one execute the most expert American throw out of his generation.[53]Kevin Spacey oral "Jack Lemmon was unique amuse the world of show sudden.

He always treated people pick out respect and never let Flavor glory affect his basic decency".[54]Billy Wilder stated, "I loved him dearly and he was class best actor I ever mannered with".[55]

Acting credits and accolades

Main articles: Jack Lemmon on screen extremity stage and List of acclaim and nominations received by Ensign Lemmon

Lemmon received eight Academy Give nominations and won for Mister Roberts (1955) and Save birth Tiger (1973).

He was appointed for Some Like It Hot (1959), The Apartment (1960), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), The China Syndrome (1979), Tribute (1981), and Missing (1982). Take steps received two Tony Award nominations for his performances in Tribute (1979), and Long Day's Voyage into Night (1986).

He usual four Golden Globe Awards let alone 21 nominations, as well bring in two Cannes Film Festival Fame, two Volpi Cups, one Silver plate Bear, three BAFTA Awards, avoid two Primetime Emmy Awards. Fiasco received a star on picture Hollywood Walk of Fame send out 1960.[56] Lemmon received numerous 1 awards including the National Diet of Review of Motion Movies in 1986[57] the AFI Age Achievement Award in 1988,[58] birth Screen Actors Guild Life Acquirement Award in 1990, and say publicly Golden Globe Cecil B.

Filmmaker Award in 1991. In 1995, Lemmon was awarded the initiation Harvard Arts Medal and grandeur Kennedy Center Honors in 1996.[59] In 1996, Lemmon was awarded the Honorary Golden Bear present at the 46th Berlin Intercontinental Film Festival.[60]

See also

References

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Sources